Hello, lovely students, and welcome back to English with Lucy. 你好，可爱的学生们，欢迎回到跟着 Lucy 学英语。我今天有一个很棒的视频献给你们。 I have an amazing video for you today if I do say so myself. 我...
Hello, lovely students, and welcome back to English with Lucy.
你好，可爱的学生们，欢迎回到跟着 Lucy 学英语。我今天有一个很棒的视频献给你们。
I have an amazing video for you today if I do say so myself.
我要教你们英语中所有的时态。你们中很多人一直在要我做一个时态复习，我要说的是，要么做大，要么回家。
I am going to teach you all of the English tenses.
这个谚语的意思是全力以赴或什么都不做。我更愿意全力以赴。
Lots of you have been asking me for a tenses review, and I say, go big or go home.
所以今天在 30 分钟不到的时间里，我们将学习所有16 种时态。这节课结束时，你会对英语中所有的时态有一个更好的理解。
The saying to go big or go home means to put in all your effort or to do nothing at all.
更重要的是，我创建了一个跟这节课配套的免费的 PDF。它包含了我们今天要讨论的所有内容，很多例子，它也有练习，所以你可以将在本课中学到的知识付诸实践，
I'd rather put in all of my effort.
如果你想下载免费的 PDF 文件，只需单击描述栏中的链接，输入姓名和电子邮件地址，注册到我的邮件列表，那么 PDF 将自动发送到你的收件箱。之后每周你将自动收到我的每周免费 PDF。
So today in under 30 minutes, we will go through all 16 tenses.
你还将收到我的所有更新，课程信息和优惠。它是一项免费服务。
You will walk away from this lesson with a much better understanding of all the English tenses.
你可以随时取消订阅。在我们开始今天非常重要的课程之前，我要感谢我们的赞助商 Lingoda，你的新型语言学校。
What is more is that I have created a free PDF that goes with this lesson.
你可以在家中舒适地参加 Lingoda 语言学校，全年无休，按照你自己的节奏。省去了旅行时间，质量得到了保重。
It's got everything we're going to discuss today, lots of examples, and it's also got exercises, so you can put what you've learned in this lesson into practise in those exercises.
我喜欢 Lingoda，因为它没有那种一劳永逸的方法。它有一个互动课程。
If you would like to download that free PDF, just click on the link in the description box, enter your name and your email address, you sign up to my mailing list, and the PDF will arrive automatically in your inbox.
你可以在五种课程类型之间进行选择，口语 、词汇、语法、 交流和阅读。你可以选择您需要学习的主题以及你想要专注的技能，使过程更加高效。
Then every week after that, you will automatically receive my free weekly PDFs.
他们拥有令人惊叹的合格教师，他们的平均班级规模只有三到四个学生。你可以学习英语、商务英语、西班牙语、 法语和德语，从初学者到高级水平都有。
You'll also receive all of my updates, course information, and offers.
小组课程仅 6 欧元起，你可以从各种选项中进行选择。有每月订阅，或者你可以参加他们的马拉松课程之一，成功后您可以获得高达 400 欧元的现金返还。
It's a free service.
最好的是你可以体验 7 天的免费试用，这是一周的访问权限，包含三个完全免费的小组课程。单击描述栏中的链接报名免费试用即可在第一次购买马拉松课程或第一个月订阅时获得六折折扣。
You can unsubscribe at any time.
链接在下方描述栏中。请告诉我你的进展。
Now, before we get started with today's highly important lesson, I would like to thank our sponsor, Lingoda, your new language school.
好的，所以今天我们要学习所有 16 种英语时态，我将为你们提供大量例句这样你可以学习并使用它们。首先，我认为最好有一个概述，然后我们可以更深入地了解每个分组。
You can attend the Lingoda language school from the comfort of your own home, 24/7 at your own pace.
我知道学习 16 种时态可能看起来很多，这是一个很大的课程，但它们确实有很多共同点，因此将它们全部放在一起可以更容易学习和记住。我们先浏览所有的时态。
Cut the travel time, not the quality.
我们有一般现在时；我吃巧克力。现在进行时；我正在吃巧克力。
I love Lingoda because it doesn't have that one size fits all approach.
现在完成时；我已经吃了巧克力。现在完成进行时；我一直在吃巧克力。
It's got an interactive curriculum.
然后是一般过去时；我吃了巧克力。过去进行时；我当时正在吃巧克力。
You can choose between the five lesson types, speaking, vocabulary, grammar, communication, and reading.
过去完成时；我当时已经吃完了巧克力。我每次说 had 的时候都会忍不住升调。
You can pick and choose the topics that you need to work on, and the skills that you want to focus on, making the process so much more efficient.
我已经吃过了。过去完成进行时；我一直在吃巧克力。
They have amazing qualified teachers, and their average group class size is just three to four students.
哦，我就是忍不住不这样做。现在继续讲将来时态。
You can learn English, business English, Spanish, French, and German from beginner to advanced level.
我们有一般将来时；吃完这些巧克力后我会牙痛，开玩笑。我会吃巧克力。
Prices start from just six euros per group class, and you can choose from various options.
将来进行时；我会正在吃巧克力。将来完成时；我届时会吃完巧克力。
There's a monthly subscription, or you can take one of their marathon courses, where you can earn up to 400 euros cash back upon successful completion of the course.
还有将来完成进行时；我将会一直吃巧克力。最后一组是条件句。
The best part is that you can experience a seven day free trial, completely free that's one week access with three entirely free group classes.
一般条件句（过去将来时）；我会吃巧克力。进行条件句（过去将来进行时）；我会一直吃巧克力。
Click on the link in the description box to sign up for your free trial, and to get up to 40% off your first marathon course or your first month subscription.
完成条件句（过去将来完成时）；我会吃完巧克力。最后是完成进行条件句（过去将来完成进行时）；我会一直吃巧克力。
The link is down there in the description.
你能看到这些时态之间有多少相似之处吗？现在让我们更详细地看，从现在时态开始。
Let me know how you get on.
你英语学习的第一个时态通常是一般现在时。这是有充分理由的。它实际上占母语人士在书面和口头交流中使用的时态的大约 50%。
Okay, so today we're learning all 16 tenses in English, and I'm going to give you loads of examples so that you can learn them and use them yourself.
我们确实也经常使用其他现在时态，所以它们都非常重要。一般现在时，我周二工作。
Firstly, I think it's best to have an overview, and then we can go more in depth into each group. that could be really useful. So I will leave that link down in the description box.
An example, I went to bed at 10:00 PM last night, or Dennis ate a box of chocolates for breakfast. Live your life, Dennis. That sounds like my kind of breakfast. (laughs)
Another example, my husband bought me flowers last week, are not true though. Not true; maybe next week. (laughs) Okay, let's move on to the past continuous. The structure of this tense is subject plus was or where plus verb-ing. We can use this tense to talk about actions or states.
One way in which we use the past continuous is to say what was happening at a specific moment in the past. For example, Tom was cooking dinner at 7:00 PM yesterday.
We can also use it to give background information about something. For example, Will was speaking to me whilst I was trying to record a video, or it was snowing when I went outside.
We also use it to say that an ongoing action was interrupted by another action. In this case, it's usually paired with another clause in the past simple. We were eating dinner when he arrived.
We were eating dinner over this long period of time, and he arrived right then, or they were chatting about their holiday when Ben called them. Let's move on to the past perfect. The past perfect tense is used to talk about events
它被用来谈论一般陈述、习惯和事实。现在进行时；我正在工作。
Let's go through them first.
它被用来谈论现在正在发生的动作。现在完成时；我在一家酒吧工作过。
We have the present simple; I eat chocolate.
我们用它来谈论过去发生的对现在产生影响的事情或动作。然后是现在完成进行时；我今天已经工作了三个小时。
The present continuous; I am eating chocolate.
这被用于谈论从过去开始并持续到现在的动作。好的，一般现在时的结构；就像它的名字一样，很简单。
The present perfect; I have eaten chocolate.
我们有主语加上动词的基本形式，除了第三人称单数，当我的学生对学习英语比较陌生时，这总是能吸引我的学生。在第三人称单数中，我们添加一个 s。
The present perfect continuous; I have been eating chocolate.
所以当主语是我、你、我们和他们，应该是 I work，we eat，they play，you do，但是当主语是他、她和它时，应该是 she works，he cleans，it smells。另一个例外是 be 动词。
Then we move on to the past simple; I ate chocolate.
Be 动词有它自己的一般现在时形式，I am，you are，he，She，it is，we are，they are。就像我之前所说的，我们用一般现在时来谈论一般陈述、事实和习惯。
The past continuous; I was eating chocolate.
我们也用它来谈论预定事件，例如飞机和火车时间。这里有一些例子。
The past perfect; I had eaten chocolate.
我是女人。我的名字是 Lucy。
Whenever I say had, I can't help but go up.
这是一个一般性的陈述或事实。玛丽在星期五晚上见她的朋友。
I had eaten.
这是一个习惯。去伦敦的火车晚上 8 点离开。
And the past perfect continuous; I had been eating chocolate.
这是一个预定的未来活动。我们的狗吃猫粮，这是一个习惯。
Oh, I just can't not do that.
我们目前试图改掉的习惯。我们不知道他为什么开始这样做，但自从我们搬家后他就开始了。
Now, moving on to the future.
我希望所有这些都很清楚。PDF 中有更多示例，并且每个时态都有一个测验。
We have the future simple; I will have a toothache after all this chocolate, just kidding.
所以请下载。链接在下面的描述栏中。
I will eat chocolate.
好的，让我们继续讲现在进行时。我们使用现在进行时来谈论说话时正在发生的事情，但小心，有一个例外，我们不能使用状态动词，例如恨、爱、想要这样的词。
The future continuous; I will be eating chocolate.
有一个例外，我会提到的。它与俚语有关。
The future perfect; I will have eaten chocolate.
现在进行时的结构是主语加 be 动词加动词ing。押韵了，主语加be 动词加动词ing。
And the future perfect continuous; I will have been eating chocolate.
你可以这样说。这里有一些例子。
Last group we have is conditionals.
我在教英语。他们在烤饼干。
The conditional simple; I would eat chocolate.
我们也可以用这个时态来谈论我们认为是暂时的事情。比较这两句话。
The conditional continuous; I would be eating chocolate.
詹姆斯住在曼彻斯特。詹姆斯正住在曼彻斯特。
The conditional perfect; I would have eaten chocolate.
第一句话中我用的是一般现在时，因为我认为他的状态或多或少是永久的，但在第二句中我使用现在进行时，因为我认为他的情况可能是暂时的。他现在住在曼彻斯特，但我不知道几周或几个月后会发生什么。
And finally, the conditional perfect continuous; I would have been eating chocolate.
他可能在那里学习或者他在那里工作很短的时间。你会听到母语者以这种形式在现在进行时使用状态动词或表示这个意思。
Can you see how many similarities there are between all of these tenses?
我现在爱我的圣诞套头衫。爱是一个状态动词。
Now let's look a little more closely, starting with the present tenses.
我不是故意的使用它，但这意味着我现在喜欢的一种趋势是我的圣诞套头衫，我必须说，我认为这是一件非常漂亮的圣诞套头衫。我今天其实还有另一个选择。
The first tense that you learn in English is usually the present simple, and that's for good reason.
另一个选择是这个，这是我去年穿的，但我在二手网站上买到了这件，我对自己很满意。好了，说回时态，你也会听到人们说，啊，不，我现在讨厌那首歌。
It's actually the tense that native speakers use in around 50% of their written and spoken communication.
这意味着这是一个暂时的状态，出于某种原因，我暂时不喜欢那首歌。我现在很讨厌它。
We do use the other present tenses quite often, too, so they are all really, really important.
所以当你听到老师说不要在现在进行时使用状态动词时，不要全盘接受。我们也用现在进行时谈论安排。
The present simple, I work on Tuesdays.
这意味着我们计划在未来做某事，这涉及到另一个人或企业。举个例子。
This is used to talk about general statements, habits, and facts.
我要在星期二剪头发。莎拉明天要见她的父母。
The present continuous; I am working now.
它们是计划，但它们取决于其它人。我们看一些例子。
This is used to talk about actions that are happening right now.
凯特正在学习商业，正在发生的临时情况。我们下周五在爱丁堡见我们的朋友，涉及其他人的安排。
The present perfect; I have worked at a pub.
我们开车回家。我们正在做这个。
We use this to talk about past events or past actions that have present consequences.
例如，现在在下雪，前几天确实下雪了，这很神奇，但是关于天气我已经说够多了，我们继续讲现在完成时。现在完成时的结构是主语加 has 或 have加上过去分词。
And the present perfect continuous; I have been working for three hours today.
我们在英语中使用现在完成时的主要方式有三种。第一种是谈论从过去开始并一直持续到现在的事情。
This is used to talk about an action that started in the past and continues to the present.
记住它们是未完成的动作，这非常重要。当我们谈论这些事件或状态时，我们会提及它们已经持续了多久或它们何时开始。
Okay, the structure of the present simple; like its name, it is fairly simple.
例如，我一生都住在英国，或者她自 2020 年以来一直在上大学；威廉和我已经结婚三个月了。哦，快到我们三个月的纪念日了，真令人兴奋，我们使用现在完成时的第二种方法是谈论到目前为止的经历。
We have the subject plus the base form of a verb, except from in the third person singular, and this always catches most students out when they're relatively new to learning English.
当我们这样做时，我们不会谈论事情发生的确切时间。我们通常会告诉某人我们的生活经历。
In the third person singular, we add an S.
例如，她去过加拿大三次。我们见过女王。
So for I, you, we, and they, it's, I work, we eat, they play, you do, but the he, she, and it, it is she works, he cleans, it smells.
我读过所有哈利波特的书。最后，我们也使用现在完成时来谈论过去发生的对现在有影响的事件和行为。
Another exception is be, the verb to be.
例如，我吃过早餐了，所以我不饿，或者迈克丢了钥匙，所以他上班要迟到了。我们继续讨论最后一个现在时态，现在完成进行时。
To be has its own forms in the present simple, I am, you are, he, She, it is, we are, they are.
我刚刚意识到我看起来像礼物，我说的是现在时态。也许我应该制作一个关于现在时态的视频。
As I said before, we use the present simple to talk about general statements, facts, and habits.
我们用现在完成进行时来谈论从过去开始并持续到现在的事情，这听起来可能非常像现在完成时，但有一些关键区别。一个很大的区别是结构。
We also use it to talk about schedule events like plane and train times.
我们使用的结构是主语加 has 或 have 加 been 加动词ing。正如我们之前讨论过的，我一直在吃巧克力。
Here are some examples.
现在完成进行时，我们经常用它来谈论我们一直在做的事情，没有被打断。我们用这个时态来强调某件事已经发生了多长时间。
I am a woman.
例如，我一直在看那个电视节目，已经几个星期了。我在强调我看那个电视节目有多久了，或者艾伦已经回复电子邮件两个小时了。
My name is Lucy.
我们用它来谈论最近被完成的事情。例如，看，一直在下雪，或者我最近一直在练习足球技巧。
This is a general statement or fact.
这是一个谎言。记住，我们通常不使用现在完成时来谈论状态。
Mary meets her friends on Friday evenings.
你不会说我一直加入了一个乐队很长时间。你会说，我加入一个乐队很久了。
That's a habit.
更多例子，他们整天都在试图给你打电话，或者她最近一直感觉不舒服。
The train to London leaves at 8:00 PM.
That's a schedule event in the future.
Our dog eats the cat's food, and that's habit.
Habit we're trying to conquer at the moment.
We don't know why he started doing it, but he has since we moved house.
I hope all of that's clear.
There are lots more examples in the PDF, and there is a quiz for every tense.
So please do download that.
The link is down below in the description box.
Right, let's move on to the present continuous.
We use the present continuous to talk about things that are happening at the moment of speaking, but be careful in general there is an exception, we can't use state verbs, words like hate, love, want, for example.
There is an exception there, and I will mention it.
It's to do with slang.
The structure of the present continuous is subject plus be plus verb-ing.
It rhymes, subject plus be plus verb-ing.
You can use that.
Here are some examples.
I am teaching English.
They are baking cookies.
We can also use this tense to talk about things that we think are temporary.
Compare these two sentences.
James lives in Manchester.
James is living in Manchester.
In the first sentence, I use the present simple because I think that his state is more or less permanent, but in the second sentence, I use the present continuous because I think his situation might be temporary.
He's living in Manchester now, but I don't know what might happen in a few weeks or a month.
Perhaps he's studying there, or he's working there for a short time.
Now you will hear native speakers use state verbs in the present continuous in this form, or to show this meaning.
I am loving my christmas jumper right now.
Love is a state verb.
So I will leave that link down in the description box. An example, I went to bed at 10:00 PM last night, or Dennis ate a box of chocolates for breakfast. Live your life, Dennis. That sounds like my kind of breakfast. (laughs) Another example, my husband bought me flowers last week, are not true though. Not true; maybe next week. (laughs)
Okay, let's move on to the past continuous. The structure of this tense is subject plus was or where plus verb-ing. We can use this tense to talk about actions or states.
One way in which we use the past continuous is to say what was happening at a specific moment in the past. For example, Tom was cooking dinner at 7:00 PM yesterday. We can also use it to give background information about something.
For example, Will was speaking to me whilst I was trying to record a video, or it was snowing when I went outside. We also use it to say that an ongoing action was interrupted by another action.
In this case, it's usually paired with another clause in the past simple. We were eating dinner when he arrived. We were eating dinner over this long period of time, and he arrived right then, or they were chatting about their holiday when Ben called them. Let's move on to the past perfect. The past perfect tense is used to talk about events
I actually had another option today.
It was between this one, which have wore last year, but I got this one on a secondhand website, very happy with myself.
Anyway, back to the tenses, you'll also hear people say, oh no, I'm hating that song right now.
It means it's a temporary state, some reason right now I don't enjoy that song temporarily.
I'm hating it.
So when you hear teachers say, never use a state verb in the present continuous take that with a pinch of salt.
We also use the present continuous to talk about arrangements.
This means that we are planning to do something in the future, and it involves another person or business.
Let me show you an example.
I am having my haircut on Tuesday.
Sarah is meeting her parents tomorrow.
They are plans, but they depend on someone else.
Let's take a look at some examples.
Kate is studying business, temporary situation happening now.
We are meeting our friend next Friday in Edinburgh, arrangement involving someone else.
We are driving home.
We are doing this right now in the moment.
It is snowing, for example, it did actually snow the other day, it was magical, but enough about my weather, let's move on to the present perfect.
The structure of the present perfect is subject plus has or have plus the past participle.
There are three main ways that we use the present perfect in English.
The first is to talk about things that started in the past and continue to the present.
It's very important to remember that they are unfinished actions.
When we talk about these events or states, we often mention how long they've been going on for or when they started.
For example, I have lived in the UK all my life, or she has been at university since 2020; William and I have been married for three months.
Oh, it's our three month anniversary nearly, how exciting, the second way that we use the present perfect is to talk about our experiences up to the present.
When we do this, we don't talk about exactly when something happened.
We are just generally telling somebody about our life experiences.
For example, she has been to Canada three times.
We have met the queen.
I have read all of the Harry Potter books.
Finally, we also use the present perfect to talk about past events and actions that have consequences in the present.
For example, I have eaten breakfast so I'm not hungry, or Mike has lost his keys so he's going to be late for work.
Let's move on to the last of the presents, the present perfect continuous.
I've just realised, I looked like a present, and I'm talking about the present tenses.
Maybe I should have just made a video about the present tense this dresses present.
Now we use the present perfect continuous to talk about something that's started in the past and continues to the present, and that might sound very similar to the present perfect, but there are a few key differences.
One big difference is the structure.
We use the structure subject plus has/have plus been plus verb-ing.
I have been eating chocolate as we discussed before.
Now with the present perfect continuous, we often use it to talk about things that we have been doing uninterrupted that haven't finished.
We use this tense to emphasise how long something has been happening.
For example, I've been watching that TV show for weeks.
I'm emphasising how long I have been watching the TV show, or Ellen has been replying to emails for two hours already.
We use it to talk about things that have been done recently or lately.
For example, look, it's been snowing, or I've been practising my football skills a lot recently.
That's such a lie.
Remember we generally don't use the present perfect continuous to talk about states.
You wouldn't say I have been belonging to a band for a long time.
You would say, I have belonged to a band for a long time.
Some more examples, they've been trying to call you all day, or she hasn't been feeling well lately.
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